Foundry products are defined as products that are derived from foundries. Foundries refer to workshops where metal castings are produced. Metal casting is a manufacturing process, where molten or liquid metal is poured into a mold which is made up of sand, metal, or ceramic. The mold contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, to form geometrically complex parts. The metal casting process is applicable to all major metals that can be made into castings; common ones are iron, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, steel, and copper-based alloys. Metal castings are used in a wide range of applications such as in cars, trucks, planes, trains, mining and construction equipment, oil wells, pipes, toys, space shuttles, wind turbines, and nuclear plants. Manufacture of foundry products through the metal casting process is advantageous compared to other processes owing to its design flexibility, high production rate, and molding of large and complex parts. Additionally, easy way of fabricating wrought or cast products into complex structures while producing lightweight sheet metal parts is another advantage of foundry products.
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